In article studies different types of post-Soviet Islam politics in two crucial Muslim republics: Dagestan and Tatarstan. The comparative analysis this Muslim areas reflects deep differences in nature of post-Soviet Islam renaissance as well as Islamic politization. The author argues that in modern Russia is rising «different Islams». This perspective open probability to clash between «different Islams»: local Tatars-countrymen communities and diasporal-Caucasian communities.