Scientific section. Sociology

The article considers military-vocational orientation as a purposeful process of attracting and selecting candidates for contract military service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and this process optimization by means of sociological support. The relevance of the theme and the main types of sociological theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of military-vocational orientation are presented. The content of military vocational orientation sociological support is presented.

The article examines the specialists` purpose education components for priority industrial and social spheres in Russia from the point of view of state regulation and analysis of possible risks arising in the course of students` moving from purpose entry to the final stage of purpose education and guaranteed employment. The necessary organizational, legal, material, personnel and other conditions are formulated to minimize the “threats” that impede the main goal of purpose education – training and compulsory employment of a qualified specialist.

This article examines the problem of developing methodology and research tools in sociology and other humanities. On the basis of methodological paradigms classification, proposed by Zhan Toschenko, the constructive paradigm possessing a great heuristic potential for studying the social realities of contemporary Russia is presented. Therefore the shortcomings inherent in the traditional analytical model are overcome.

Article based on the results of sociological research method of questioning, reveals the problems of primary and secondary process adaptation of nonresident students to new education and City Wednesday. It is shown that students coming from other cities, better start to navigate the University and urban space, develop new functional competency and the requirements of the educational process, than students who come from rural areas and small settlements.

The article deals with theoretical aspects of social well-being concept and various approaches to its study. The review of scientific sources for generalization of social health state research criteria with reference to the family bringing up the handicapped child is made. The absence of a generally accepted indicators system and signal indicators on which one could measure its level is revealed.

Modern practice of social work with family aims at families in crisis position. Social work with family is based on the correction and modification of the current situation. The current system of preventive work with families of risk groups isn’t always effective. Awareness of the need to start solving current problems of the family as soon as possible demonstrates the necessity for new approaches to the social work with family.

In the article the leading role of new social service – the social escort of disabled people, which gives the possibility to disabled people to select and to act at its own discretion; to learn to the new types of behavior; it contributes to personal development. Social escort makes it possible to systematize forms and methods of operation with the disabled peoples depending on the level of their integrated potential.

In article the basic reasons of low level of social well-being of the Russian province are established. Social well-being – a basic integration indicator of a way of life of people. Assessment of social well-being of inhabitants of a country town was carried out on the example of Penza by a set of criteria: basic values of inhabitants, economic situation, the most significant problems of the region, international relations, zdorovyesberegatelny behavior.

The article deals with the peculiarities of the use of the Internet by the older age group of the Russian population. The indicators of participation in the Internet space in two groups: youth and pensioners are compared. This makes it possible to analyze the degree of “resource” of the Internet for the two “extreme” groups according to the age, to assess what opportunities Internet provides users and how they are used in different age groups. The resources of adaptation of elderly users and those who do not use the opportunities of the global network are identified.

The image of time in a new way is associated with the beginning of inclusion in the modern culture of the urban community. The article analyzes the category of social time of the city in terms of its correlation with the concepts of inclusion, deinstitutionalization and social policy. The author’s idea is aimed at identifying temporal and social tools for the formation of a higher level of social justice, integration, reducing social inequality within society in order to achieve greater stability and cohesion.